Hypothyroidism in childhood, adolescence and adults: Literature review

Abstract

Hypothyroidism is a systemic metabolism disorder characterized by deficient production of thyroid hormones. The most prevalent etiologies vary by age group, sex and epidemiology, highlighting Congenital Hypothyroidism in newborns and children and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in adolescents and adults. Diagnosis can occur either through the neonatal screening program or at family health centers and networks through physical examination and laboratory measurement of the hormones TSH, Free T4. The literature presents updated diagnostic and treatment protocols specified for each group studied. With the aim of bringing to light the main information about hypothyroidism, reviewing concepts already consolidated by the medical community and adding knowledge about the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment developed in recent decades, enabling the general practitioner to develop the knowledge necessary to manage the patient with their specifications.