Food-Dependent Exercise Anaphilaxy: A Systematic Review of Literature

Resumo

Over and over again food-induced exercise-induced anaphylaxis is underdiagnosed by the physician and is reported to be an idiopathic anaphylaxis. In this context, the patient does not receive the proper guidelines for the correct management of his disease. Therefore, you will not know how to act, either to avoid it or to intervene in a possible crisis, so you will be potentially subject to life-threatening situations. Thus the research question was thus outlined: “How should the patient with food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (AIEDA) act in the face of a likely crisis, particularly in reducing the number of fatal events?” A literature review was performed. on the following bases: Online Medical Literature Search and Analysis System (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). The following controlled descriptors were selected for the location of the studies: “Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis”, “Impending Anaphylactic Crisis”, “Patients Exposed to Imminent Anaphylactic Crisis” (patients exposed to impending anaphylactic crisis). ). Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) is believed to be associated with 5-15% of all anaphylaxis cases. AIEDA prevalence data are limited and not reported accurately. Most reported cases have been related to wheat. Reported prevalence ranged from 0.001% to 0.017% worldwide for all foods. In most patients, when there is a mediated IgE reaction, exercise decreases the threshold for mast cell degranulation, giving rise to symptoms even when isolated ingestion is tolerated. Severe food allergy sometimes develops during exercise in association with a specific food (up to four hours after ingestion), characterizing food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Proper professional diagnosis and management will help to avoid unnecessary limitations on the patient's diet and exercise. In any situation of anaphylaxis, it is never an exaggeration to stress the importance of educating patients to know how and when to use the self-injecting adrenaline kit, and to convey the notion of ineffective premedication with antihistamines. even mask prodromal symptoms, preventing patients from predicting more severe reactions.

Keywords: Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis;  Impending anaphylactic crisis; Patients exposed to impending anaphylactic crisis